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History and photographs of the Royal
Engineers.
The Corps of Royal Engineers were raised in 1716, Officers, Royal
artillery and Corps of Engineers, in 1787 the Corps was established separately,
and in 1856 Royal sappers and Miners were incorporated into the Corps of Royal
Engineers
VICTORIA CROSS AWARDS.
In total forty six members of the corps received the
Victoria Cross. Eight during the Crimean war, Eight during the Indian
Mutiny two during the Bhutan Campaign of 1865, one in the Ashanti War one
in the Zulu and Basuto war, Two in the second Afghan war, One in the
Hunza Campaign of 1891, Two in the Mohmand Campaign of 1898, Two in
the Boer war Seventeen in the first World war and two during the
Second world war.
MICHAEL SLEAVON (Corporal)
Royal Engineers
Decorated for conspicuous bravery on April 3rd 1858,
at the attack on the Fort of Jhansi, when in the words of the Gazette,
he, “Maintained his position at the head of a Sap, and continued the
work under a heavy fire with a cool and steady determination worthy of
the highest praise.” Sleavon
died some years ago. His
Victoria Cross was sold in London, on January 22nd 1903 for
£53.
MARK SEVER BELL (Lieutenant,
now Colonel, C.B., Retired) Royal Engineers
This officer was decorated with the Victoria Cross for his
conduct at Ordahsu on February 4th 1874, which was stated-in
the words of the Gazette-to be “zealous,” “resolute,” and
“Self-devoted.)
Sir John McLeod, commanding the 42nd,
was an eyewitness and testified to his courage and fearless bearing.
He urged on and encouraged an unarmed working party if Fantee
labourers-who were exposed not only to the fire of the enemy, but also
to that of our own native troops in the rear-to do what no European
party was ever required to do in warfare, namely, to work under fire in
the face of the enemy, without a covering party.
His splendid example very materially contributed to the success
of the day.
Colonel Bell, P.S.C., C.B., son of Mr. Hutchinson Bell,
Leconfield, Yorkshire, was born at Sydney, New South Wales 15th
1843. educated at King’s
College London. Entered R.E.
1862; Captain 1874, Major 1882, Brevet Lieut. -Colonel 1884,
Brevet-Colonel 1887, Colonel on Staff and commanding R.E., Western
District 1894-8, commanded R.E. and Bengal Sappers and Miners, and
Assistant Field Engineer Bhutan Campaign 1865-6 (medal and claso);
commanded R.E., and Assistant Field Engineer, Hazara Campaign 1868.
His conduct in this letter campaign was brought to notice, and
his forced march of 600 miles specially mentioned.
During the Ashanti War of 1873-4 he was Adjutant R.E. Brigade,
and special Service officer, being mentioned in despatches for other
acts than that foe which he was awarded the Cross; intelligence Officer
Burman Expedition 1886-7; A.Q.M.G. for Intelligence 1880-85; A.D.C. to
Her late Majesty 1887-1900; C.B., 1893.
Well known as a great traveller in the East and an author of
military and geographical articles. Fellow of King’s College London. McGregor Gold Medallist,
U.S. Institute, India.
REGINALD CLARE HART (Lieutenant,
Now Major-General, K.C.B.) Royal Engineers
The Lieut. –General commanding the 2nd Division
Peshawur Field force brought the name of this officer to notice for a
particularly fine act od courage and humanity near Dakkah.
Lieutenant Hart was on convoy duty at the time, January 31st
1879, and a large body of the enemy, who poured a very heavy fire upon
it from the hills, attacked the force.
A Sowar of the 13th Bengal Lancers fell seriously
wounded, 1,2000 yards distant from Lieutenant Hart, who, on seeing the
precarious position of the man, ran to him, drove off his assailants,
and with the assistance of some men who came up shortly afterwards,
carried him under cover. During
the entire time he was exposed to the rifle fire of the enemy from the
banks of the river, and also from a party of them in the riverbed
itself. Major-General Hart
has the R.H.S. medal for saving life at Bologne on July 27th
1869, and another medal from the Mayor of that City; a Medal of Honour
first class, from the President of the French Republic; a Silver Clasp,
R.H.S., for saving the life of a gunner in the Ganges Canal, Roorkee,
December 15th 1884.
Sir R. C. Hart, son of the late Lieut.
–General H.G. Hart was born at Scarif, Co. Clare, Ireland, on June 11th
1848. Educated at
Marlborough Cheltenham, and R.M. Academy.
Lieutenant R.E. 1869; Brevet-Colonel 1886; Assistant Garrison
Instructor 1874-8; Garrison Instructor 1885-8; Director of Military
Education in India 1888-96. Besides
the Afghan War, has served through Egyptian War 1882, in which he was
twice mentioned in despatches, receiving Brevet of Lieut. –Colonel the
medal and clasp, 4th class Osmanie and Khedive’s Star;
through the Tirah Campaign 1897-8, in which he commanded the 1st
Brigade, for his services in which he was mentioned in despatches,
received medal and two clasps, and created K.C.B.
From 1896-9 commanded the Belgaum District of Madras, and since
1899 the Quetta District of India.
Now commands at Chatham.
EDWARD PEMBERTON LEACH
Captain, now Major General, C.V.O., C.B.) Royal
Engineers
The action in which General Leach gained the Victoria Cross was
fought among the hills of Afghanistan, far away in the Khyber Pass,
against the Shinwarris, at Maidanah, on March 17th 1879.
Captain Leach’s command was covering the retirement of a survey
escort bearing lieutenant Barclay (45th Rattray’s Sikhs),
who was mortally wounded. The
escort was sorely pressed on all sides. Leach placed himself at the head of the brave Sokhs, and
dashed against overwhelming numbers of the tribesman.
In the encounter he slew three of them, himself receiving a
severe wound from an Afghan knife on the left arm.
But for his determination and gallantry the whole party would
have been annihilated.
Major-General Leach, son of Sir George
Leach, K.C.B., R.E., was born on April 2nd 1847, at
Londonderry. Educated at
Highgate School and R.M.A. Woolwich, entering the Royal Engineers in
1866. In the Looshai
Expedition 1871, his first active service, he was mentioned in
despatches and received the thanks of the Government of India.
Later he served in the Afghan War from the first to the last, and
besides the Victoria Cross, was mentioned in despatches, obtaining
Brevets of Major and Lieut. –Colonel.
Took part in the operations at Suakin 1885 (despatches and C.B.),
commanded the troops at Korosko 1885-6, and the British Brigade at
Assouan in 1886-7. In
command of the 9th Division 3rd Army Corps.
Since 1900 has commanded the Belfast District.
JOHN ROUSE MERRIOTT CHARD
(Lieutenant, afterwards Colonel) Royal
Engineers
This officer was in command of the Rorke’s Drift Post on
January 22nd 1879, when with about a hundred men, mostly of
the 24th Regiment, the position was attacked by 4,000 Zulus.
Throughout the entire defence, which lasted from 4 p.m. till
daybreak next morning, Colonel Chard directed the operations with the
most heroic bravery. The Lieut. –General in command of the troops reported that
“had it not been for the fine example and excellent behaviour of these
two officers under the most trying circumstances, the Defence of
Rorke’s Drift Post would not have been conducted with that
intelligence and tenacity which so essentially characterized it”; also
“that its success must in a great degree, be attributable to the two
young officers who exercised the chief command on the occasion in
question.”
The Defence of Rorke’s Drift will go down
to posterity as one of the finest examples of British heroism, and the
names of Chard and Bromhead will hold a prominent position in the annals
of the British Army. The
late Queen Victoria caused their names to be inscribed on the colour
pole of the 24th Regiment, together with those of Lieutenants
Melvill and Coghill, who fell so heroically on the banks of the Buffalo
River on the same day, while endeavouring to save the colours of the
regiment from the enemy after the Massacre of Isandlwana.
Colonel Chard, son of Mr. W.W. Chard, of
Pathe, Somerset, and Mount Tamar, Devon was born in 1847.
Educated at Plymouth New Grammar School, Cheltenham and Woolwich
he entered the Royal engineer in 1868.
He was stationed at Bermuda for some time, ultimately going to
South Africa on the outbreak of the Zulu War.
After the Defence of the Drift, for which, in addition to the
Victoria Cross, he was promoted Captain and Brevet-Major, he became ill
of fever, and went to Ladysmith to recruit his health, but recovered
sufficiently to take part in the battle of Ulundi. Towards the end of 1879 he was ordered home, and on his
arrival at Plymouth was met by a telegram from the late Queen and
received by her at Balmoral. He
retired from the service in August 1897, and died at Hatch Beauchamp
Rectory, near Taunton, Somerset, on November 1st 1897.
FENTON JOHN AYLMER (Captain,
now Colonel) Royal Engineers
On December 2nd 1891, an Expedition sent into the
Hunza Nagar country arrived at the Nilt Fort.
Our force consisted of about a thousand men, mostly Kashmir
Imperial Service Troops, and sixteen British officers.
The fort, which had to be attacked, standing at the extremity of
a ledge, which overhung the Nilt nullah, was protected on three sides by
a precipice, and the only approach to the gate had been strongly
defended by abattis of branches. It
was impossible to bring the mountain guns to bear on this part, owing to
the impracticability of ragging them up the cliffs which overlooked it,
and for a long time a hot rifle-fire was kept up by our men, which was
equally severely replied to by the enemy from their loopholed
stronghold. At length it
was resolved to taje the fort by storm, and, to enable an entry to be
made, the great gate had to be blown in.
This dangerous duty was entrusted to Captain Aylmer, in command
of the Engineers, and a hundred Goorkhas, under Lieutenants Boisragon (V.C.),
and Badcock, supported him. While
the Gootkhas hacked at thebranches of the abattis to make an entrance,
the three officers, with a small handful of men, sprang through the
opening and forced the gate of the outer wall.
Captain Aylmer then, in a most cool and courageous manner,
advanced under heavy fire and placed the charge of gun-coton against the
main gate, lighted the fuse, during which he was shot in the leg, and
retired to await the explosion. For
some reason the charge failed to ignite, upon which he returned,
arranged the charge afresh, and re-lit the fuse.
He was again severely injured in the hand by a rock hurled from
above by one of the enemy. The
explosion, which now took place, sufficied to blow in the gate, and the
officers, followed by their men, dashed through and commenced a terrific
hand-to-hand combat with the defenders, who after a most desperate
reisitance, were driven from the Fort.
Captain Aylmer, though again severely wounded, fired nineteen
shots with his revolver, killing several of the enemy, and remained
fighting, until at last, owing to loss of blood, he had to be carried
out of action.
The following is another account of his
marvellous pluck, and athletic prowess, given in The Relief of Chitral
by Captains G. J. and F. E. Young husband-
“During the construction, a very prompt
and plucky act on Major Aylmer’s part saved the life of a soldier.
About a mile up stream, where the first floating bridge had been
constructed, a flying bridge and rafts were still working backwards and
forwards to supply the Guides with their wants on the other bank.
One of these rafts, on which we were two men of the Devonshire
Regiment Maxim Gun Detachment, got accidently overturned, and the
boatmen and oars were washed away.
The two soldiers managed to climb on to the raft and were carried
down stream at a great pace. General Gatacre, seeing the accident, immediately galloped
down to the site of the new beidge to give warning, in the hopes of
saving the men. Meanwhile
one of them had made an attempt to jump on shore and had been swept away
and drowned, and the survivor on the raft came flying down the torrent.
With the greatest presence of mind MajorAylmer immediately
slipped down a slack wire that was across the river and just managed to
grab the soldier as he shot past. The
raft was immediately fater dashed to pieces on the rocks below.
With considerable difficulty they were both hauled on shore and
it was then found that the Major was badly bruised and cut by the wire.
The Royal Humane Society’s medal has been given for many a less
distinguished act of bravery, yet I do not think that, in the stir of
passing events, it actually occurred to any of the spectators to send
the recommendation home.”
Fenton John Aylmer, 2nd son of
the late Captain F. J. Aylmer, 97th Regiment, was born at
Hastings April 5th 1862.
Educated privately. Joined
Royal Engineers 1880. Served
in India since 1883; has been A.A.G., and acted as A.Q.M.G. and D.Q.M.G.,
Army Headquarters. Served
in Burma Expedition, 1886-7 (despatches, medal and clasp); Hazara
Expedition 1891 (despatches clasp); Hunza Expedition 1891-2 (despatches,
clasp, V.C., Brevet-Major); Isazai Expedition 1892; Chitral Expedition
1895 (despatches, medal and clasp, Brevet-Lieut. –Colonel).
At present A.Q.M.G. Madras Command (Ootacamund).
THOMAS COLCLOUGH WATSON
(Lieutenant, now Captain) Royal
Engineers
On September 16th 1897, Lieutenant Watson, while at
the attack on the village of Bilot in the Mamund Valley, collected a few
men of the Buffs and Bengal Sappers and led them into the burning
village, in order to dislodge some of the enemy who were inflicting loss
on our troops. With
conspicuous courage he made two gallant attempts, but was, on both
occasions, repulsed and severely wounded.
Captain Watson, born April 1st
1867, entered the Army in 1888, and was promoted to his present rank on
November 19th 1898.
JAMES MORRIS COLQUHOUN COLVIN
(Lieutenant, now Brevet-Major) Royal
Engineers
On September 16th 1897, at the village of Bilot, in
the Mamund Valley, Indian Frontier, Lieutenant Colvin, after Lieutenant
Watson (V.C.) had been incapacitated from his wounds, continued in the
attempt to drive out the enemy from the burning village.
His conduct was most brave, and his devotion to his men most
noticeable, as, during the whole affair, a very heavy fire was kept up
against them by the enemy. Born
at Bijnor, India, on August 26th 1870, Major Colvin is the
son of Mr. J. C. Colvin, late Bengal Civil Service.
Educated at Charterhouse and royal Military Academy, he joined
the Royal Engineers in 1889, becoming Lieutenant in 1892; Captain April
1st 1900; and Brevet-Major, August 1902, for his services in
South Africa as an officer on special service.
Took part in the Chitral Releif Force, 1895; Malakand Field Force
1897 (mentioned in despatches); Buner Field Force 1898; and Siuth Africa
1901-02.
ROBERT JAMES THOMAS DIGBY JONES
(Lieutenant) Royal Engineers
Lieutuenant Robert James Thomas Digby Jones was killed in action
during the great assault on Ladysmith, on January 6th 1900,
after successfully defending Waggon hill West with a few men for twelve
hours under desperate conditions, displaying conspicuous bravery and
gallant conduct throughout.
Sir George White, in his despatch stated he
“would have had great pleasure in recommending Lieutenant Digby Jones
and Trooper Albrecht for the distinction of the Victoria Cross had they
survived.”
In the London Gazette of August 8th
1902,it was announced that the King was graciously pleased to direct
that the Victoria Cross earned by Lieutenant Digby Jones, Trooper
Albrecht, and four others should be sent to their representatives.
Lieutenant Digby Jones accompanied the 23rd
Field company R..E. to natal in June 1899, proceeding straight to
Ladysmith, where he was employed in the Construction of a Hospital in
the camp (afterwards abandoned when the siege commenced) and afterwards
on the defences of the town).
He was mentioned in Sir George White’s
despatch (December 11th 1899) for having successfully
destroyed the 4.7 Boer gun on Surprise Hill, during the sortie from
Ladysmith on December 10th 1899, under the command of Colonel
Metcalfe, with some 500 men of the rifle brigade.
Newspapers correspondents afterwards mentioned that the first
fure inserted was defedtive and that “Lieutenant Digby Jone went at
the risk of death or mutiliation and inserted another,” which
successfully destroyed the gun, which had been causing much annoyance to
the garrison.
He was again mentioned in despatches in
connexion with the “Assault on Adysmith, January 6th
1900.” On
the evening of the 5th January, Lieutenant Digby Jones had
beens ent to Waggon Hill West command of a working party, consisting of
thirty Sappers, some bluejackets, Gordon Highlanders and Imperial Light
Horse, to make an emplacement for a 4.7 gun.
At about 2.45 a.m. on the 6th they were surprised by
the Boers, and, after ordering the men to stand to arms, Digby Jones, at
once himself extinguished the lanterns which were giving a line for the
enemt fire. There they made
a most gallant stand till about 5.30 a.m., when reinforcements arrived.
Later on, when all the officers of the
Gordons and Imperial Light Horse had either been killed or wounded, he
took command, and rallying the hard pressed men again and again, kept
the crest of the hill.
Space does not allow of mention of all that
is recorded but a brief summary of an incident mentioned by Major Rice
may be given.
The sudden appearance of a party of Boers
on that part of the hill had caused its worn-out defenders to retire in
disorder, when Digby Jones got his first intimation of the presence of
the enemy, under De Villiers, on the crest, in the shape of a shot over
the parapet at a distance of only a few feet, which killed 2nd
Corporal Hunts R.E. In a
moment Digby Jones picked up a rifle, and, dashing round the end of the
emplacement, shot De Villiers, Lance-Corporal Hockaday at the same time
shouting De Jaegers. Digby
Jone was then heard to say, “What’s up?
The infantry have gone.” A
man replied, “There is an order to retire, sir.” Digby Jones said,
“I have no order to retire,” and at once ordered bayonets to be
fixed and calling his men to follow him, led them (with 2nd
Lieutenant Denniss, R.E.) to the charge, reoccupying the firing line in
front of the emplacement.
Later on while leading his men forward, he
was struck in the throat by a bullet and was instantly killed.
A study of the position shows of what vital
importance the tenure of Waggon Hill West was to the safety of
Ladysmith; so much so that the South African Review, in a paragraph on
Lieutenant Digby Jones, says, “So far as can be humanly judged it was
this officer who saved Ladysmiths and the British arms from the
mortification of a defeat and its incalculable consequences.”
And the army and navy gazette, from which portions of the
preceding account are borrowed says, “General Ian Hamilton, who had
witnessed his intrepid and resourceful conduct through the day, had
decided to recommend him for the Victoria Cross, which was fully
approved by Sir George White, and subsequently brought forward in his
despatch.” This fine
young soldier was only twenty-theee years of age.
His brother officer, 2nd
Lieutenant G. B. Denniss, hearing Digby Jones was down, went out on the
ridge, which was swept by the enemy’s fire, to search for him, and
was, unfortunately, shot while performing this deed of mercy.
Quoting from a correspondent the Army and Navy Gazette says,
“Lieutenant Digby Jones’ name will stand out in history of the siege
of Ladysmith as one who set a brilliant example to all about him, and
brought no little credit on the corps of Royal Engineers.
He did his duty nobly to the end!”
Lieutenant Digby Jones was the second son
of Charles Digby Jones, of Chester Street, Edinburgh.
He was born September 27th 1876, educated first at
Alnmouth, Northumberland, and afterwards at Sedbergh School, Yorkshire
where he won the Sedgwick Mathematical prize in 1893, and was in the 1st
XV. For football, and the 2nd XI. at cricket.
He passed into Woolwich in 1894,
thirty-fourth in order of merit, when bifurcating for Royal Engineers
was fifth, and passed out sixth in the Royal Engineer Division,
obtaining his commission on August 5th 1896.
After completing his course of intruction at the S.M.E., Chatham,
he was posted to the 23rd Field Company R.E.
He was good all round athlete, being
especially prominent in his golf and skating. At the former he won the Boys Scratch Medal at north Berwick
two years in succession, and while at Chatham was sevretary of the R.E.
Golf Club, forming one of the team in the annual inter-regimental
matches with the Royal Artillery in the years 97, 98, and 99 doing the
best round for the Sappers in the latter year.
He was also secretary of the R.E. Rugby Football Club while at
Chatham, and was one of its foremost players.
He is buried in Ladysmith Cemetery, and a
cairn was erected by the 23rd Field Company R.E. on the spot
where he fell, as a memorial to him and to those Sappers who fell near
him on Waggon Hill. In
addition to a brass tablet put up in St. Mary’s Cathedral, Edinburgh
ny his parents and brothers, his old Scottish schoolfellows erected one
in the Parish Church at Alnmouth.
In the History of the Royal Military
Academy (written by Captain Guggisberg, R.E.) it states: -“In the
Spring term, 1901 the octagon of the west library was turned into a kind
of Sapper Valhalla. The
walls were covered with handsome oak panels, on which were inscribed, in
gold letters, the names of dead and gone engineers who had distinguished
themselves in the service of their country, ranging from Waldivus,
Ingeniator (1086) to a young subaltern, Digby jones, V.C.
There are only 120 names on these panels.
By a strange coincidence his younger
brother, Lieutenant Owen G. Digby Jones, was commissioned to the Royal
Engineers on the very day his brother was killed (January 6th
1900). He
had many relatives who served in the Army with distinction, amongst whom
may be mentioned-
I)
His Grande Uncle-Major-General John Christie, C.B., A.D.C. to
Queen Victoria, who rasied the 1st Bengal Cavalry, better
known as “Christie’s Horse,” in 1838, which he commanded to the
end of the Afghan War. Seven
medals.
II)
His Cousin-Major-General John Moore Graham, who served through
the Indian Mutiny and received through the Secretary of State for India,
the “most gracious approbation of Her Majesty” for services
performed during that period.
III)
His Cousin-Lieut. –Colonel Robert Hope Moncreiff Aitken, V.C.
who earned the Victoria Cross on six different occasions during the
siege of Lucknow, and was ten times mentioned in despatches.
FRANK HOWARD KIRBY (Corporal,
now Sergeant Major) Royal Engineers
On June 2nd 1900; Kirby was one of a party who had
beens sent out to cut the Delagoa Bay Railway.
While retiring, they were hard pressed by a large number of
Boers, both mounted and on foot, and several small rearguard actions
were fought. During one of
these, one of the men had his horse shot under him, and he commenced to
try and ctch up his troop, running after them on foot, under a full fire
of the enemy. Kirby turned
and rode back to him, and succeeded in getting him on to his horse, all
the time under a heavy fire, at quite close range, after which he rode
back with him, over the rising ground, to where the rearguard had taken
up a fresh position.
Frank Howard Kirby, born at Thane,
Oxfordshire, November 12th 1871, son of Mr W. H. Kirby of
that town, was educated at Alleyn’s School, dulwich, and entered the
Royal Engineers at St. George’s Barracks, London, on August 8th
1892. He
embarked for South Africa, upon his first active service, on October 29th
1899, gaining, almost at once, theMedal for distinguished
Conduct-blowing up the railway near Bloemfontein, March 1900.
During the campaign he gained, under the immediate command of
Colonel A. Hunter-Weston, D.S.O., the King’s and Queen’s Medal and
six clasps. The Gazette states that the occasion described above was
third upon which Kirby displayed great gallantry in the face of the
enemy. He was frequently
named in despatches, was promoted Sergeant-Major in the field by Lord
Roberts (July 1900), being presented with the Victoria Cross by H.R.H.
the Duke of Cornwall and york at Cape town, on August 19th
1901.
EDWARD TALBOT THACKERAY
(Lieutenant, now colonel, K.C.B.) Royal
(Bengal) Engineers
On September 16th
1857 fire broke out in a shed in the Delhi magazine in which large
quantities of ammunition were lying about.
Lieutenant Thackeray, although under a heavy fire from the Sepoys,
and not withstanding that the flames were all round the combustible
stores, most daringly rushed in, and, by his exertions, contrived to
extinguish them. Colonel
Sir Edward Thackeray, son of the Rev. Francis Thackeray, first cousin of
Thackery the novelist, was born on October 19th 1836,
educated at Marlborough and Addiscombe, and entered the R.E. in 1854.
Served in Afghan War 1879. Promoted
Captain 1865; Major 1872, Lieut. –Colonel 1880, Colonel 1884, and
retired in 1888. Was from
1880 Commandant of the Bengal Sappers and Miners.
HENRY NORTH DALRYMPLE PRENDERGAST
(Lieutenant, now General G.C.B.) Royal
(Madras) Engineers
On November 21st 1857, at Mundisore, Lieutenant G.
Dew, of the 14th Hussars, was in imminent danger of being
shot by a Velaitee, who covered him from the rear with his musket.
Lieutenant Prendergast rushed at him and cut him down, but not
before being wounded himself by the discharge of the piece.
His gallant action saved the life of Lieutenant Dew, but he was
almost cut down in his turn, had not Major Orr killed the rebel.
He also distinguished himself at the actions of Ratgurh and Betwa,
being severely wounded.
Major-General Sir Hugh Rose, in forwarding
his recommendation of this officer, states-
“Lieutenant Prendergast was specially mentioned by Brigadier
Stuart for the gallant act at Mundisore when he was severely wounded;
secondly; he was specially mentioned by men when acting as my A.D.C. in
the action before besieging Ratgurgh on the Beena River for gallant
conduct. His horse was
killed on that occasion. Thirdly,
at the action of the ‘Betwa,’ he again voluntarily acted as my A.D.C.
and distinguished himself by his bravery in the charge, which I made
with Captain Need’s troop, against the left of the Peishwa’s army
under Tantia Topee. He was
severely wounded on that occasion.”
Son of Thomas Prendergast, Madras Civil Service, Sir Henry
Prendergast was born in India, October 15th 1834.
Educated at Cheam School, Brighton College and Addiscombe, he
entered the Army in 1854, serving in the Persian War, 1856-7; with the
Field force 1857, and the Central India Field Force 1858, in the two
latter services being severely wounded and mentioned in despatches;
through the Abyssinian War 1868, and the Indian Expedition to the
Mediterranean 1878; Upper Burma 1885-6, being thanked by Her Majesty
Queen Victoria and the government of India.
Has held many distinguished positions in Travancore and Cochin
1887; Mysore and Coorg 1887 and 1891; Baroda 1889; Baluchistan 1889.
JOHN JAMES McLEOD INNES
(Lieutenant, now Lieut. –General, Retired)
Royal (Bengal) Engineers
Sultanpore was held in force by the rebels, and was attacked on
February 23rd 1858. A
line of skirmishes covered the advance.
In the far distance the guns of the enemy could be seen.
Our skirmishers were closely pressing them, and, abandoning a
gun, they were retiring, only to take up a fresh position.
Here they had loaded a heavy piece, the fire from which would
have ploughed through the column, had not Lieutenant Innes dashed ahead
a one and shot the gunner before he could fire, remaining undaunted, the
mark for hundreds of matchlocks and riflemen sheltered in huts close by,
and beating back the gunners until aid reached him.
By his courageous act the guns were captured, the rebels routed,
and many lives were saved.
CHARLES AUGUSTUS GOODFELLOW
(Lieutenant, now General) Royal
(Bombay) Engineers
Thos was the last Victoria Cross granted in connexion with the
Indian Mutiny, and the place of action appears to have been where the
last stand was made, at Beyet, in Katty war, Western India.
On October 6th 1859, Lieutenant Goodfellow highly
distinguished himself, as he had already done throughout the Mutiny.
A soldier of the 28th Regiment having been shot under
the walls of the fort, Lieutenant Goodfellow rushed to his rescue, being
exposed the whole time to heavy rifle and matchlock fire.
Although he succeeded in conveying him, after great difficulty,
into shelter, he discovered that, in spite of his efforts, the man was
dead.
JAMES DUNDAS (Lieutenant,
afterwards Captain) Royal (Late Bengal)
Engineers
This officer was associated with Major-General Trevor (V.C.), in
a particularly daring act of bravery at Dewan-Giri in Bhootan, on April
30th 1865. Further details of the heroic conduct of these officers are
given in the account of Major-General Trevor. Captain
Dundas was killed on December 23rd 1879, during the Afghan
War, under circumstances, which showed that he had lost none of that
bravery which had so characterized him fourteen years previously.
Our Engineers were blowing up several forts, and at one of them
Captain Dundas and Lieutenant Nugent constructed three mines.
All being ready, the officers withdrew all their men to safety
and lighted the three fuses, but two being defective exploded almost
instantly, burying Captain Dundas and his gallant companion in the ruins
of the fort. Captain Dundas was born on September 12th 1843.
He was the son of George Dundas, a Judge of the Court of Session
in Scotland, was educated at Edinburgh and Addiscombe, and entered the
Bengal Engineers in 1860. Colonel
Vibart, in his work Addiscombe, relates that Captain Dundas saved the
life of a native in 1878 at Simla, under particularly courageous
circumstances. A house in
the Bazaar having caught fire, the roof had fallen in, burying the
native, who, unable to get out, was in great danger of being alive.
Captain Dundas attempted to save the man by himself, but failed
so calling for a volunteer to help him, the two together succeeded in
accomplishing the difficult and dangerous task.
WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE TREVOR
(Major, now Major General, retired) Royal
(Bengal) Engineers
Associated with Lieutenant Dundas (V.C.), in a most gallant and
courageous exploit during an attack on a blockhouse at Dewangiri, in
Bhootan on April 30th 1865.
Major-General Tombs (V.C.), the officer in command reported that
about 200 of the enemy had barricaded themselves in a blockhouse and
driven off Being the key to the enemy’s position, and considering it
most necessary to act promptly before the main body of the Bhooteas
should return and rally, and as our men ahd been fighting for three
hours in a boiling sun, Major-General Tombs gave orders to Lieutenant
Dundas and Major Trevor to lead the attack.
They had to climb up a wall which was fourteen feet high, and
then to enter a house occupied by some 200 desperate men, head foremost
through an opening not more than two feet wide, between the top of the
wall and the roof of the blockhouse.
Major-General tombs states that on speaking to the Sikh soldiers
around him and telling them in Hindustani to swarm up the wall, none of
them responded to the call, until these two officers had shown them the
way, when they followed with the greatest alacrity.
How Trevor and Dundas escaped death was marvel.
Perhaps the very restricted space at the point of entrance had
something to do with their success, the defenders being unable to use
their swords effectively and getting jammed in their eagerness to close
with them; while the officers used their revolvers with fatal effect
until the cleared the gallery and enabled the storming party to effect a
lodgement. About sixty of
the garrison, mostly wounded surrendered; the rest were killed fighting
to the last. Major-General
Trevor, born in India, on October 9th 1831, was the son of
Captain R.S. Trevor, who was murdered by Akbar Khan, at Cabul in 1841,
at the same time as Sir Wm. McNaghten was done to death.
Educated at Addiscombe, he entered the Army in 1849.
Served through the Butrmah Campaign, 1852-3, being severely
wounded at the taking of the White House Picket Stockade at Rangoon
April 12th 1852, and for his conduct was mentioned in
despatches. Present at the
action at Donabew March 19th 1853, and again wounded and
mentioned for his gallant conduct.
Served against the Dacca Mutineers in 1857, and through the
Bhootan War of 1865, when he gained the Victoria Cross.
Has been employed a great deal in the Public Works Department of
India, having been Provincial Chief engineer, Director-General of
railways, and Secretary to the Indian government. |
|
General Hart V.C,. C.B. (right) and Colonel Hart
(left) of the Royal Engineers. (1898) Brothers from
the Royal Engineers, photograph taken during the Afridi War.
General Hart served in the Afghan War 1878-80, the Egyptian Campaign
against Arabi, being present at both Kassassin and Tel-El-Kebir.
His Victoria Cross was won in the Afghan War, for running some 1200
yards under fire to the rescue of a wounded Bengal Lancer, driving off
his assailants and bringing the wounded man under cover. |
|
Eleven Sergeants and Thirty-Seven Medals.
This photograph represents eleven non-commissioned
officers of the Royal Engineer mess at Aldershot, each one of whom is in
possession of the good conduct medal, and from one to three war medals
in addition. There are altogether thirty-seven medals distributed
among the eleven, and we have never heard of an instance in which so
many good conduct medals were to be found in one non-commissioned
mess. This decoration, it will be remembered, is only granted
after eighteen years' exemplary service. That it should be found
in such profusion in a sapper's mess is not surprising, as the corps of
Royal Engineers is perhaps all round the best conducted in the British
Army. Consisting too, of men who are for the most part clever
artificers, it pays the War Office very well to offer special
inducements to long service in the way of pay and allowances, although
in many cases these last are by no means so large as would be drawn for
such skilled labour in civil life. A glance at the war medals worn by
these eleven non-commissioned officers is a sufficient reminder of the
added fact that the Royal Engineer is a first class fighter as well as
worker, and his gallantry in carrying out his duties under fire is well
known. |
|

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Lieutenant Morland Making
Prisoners of Eighteen Germans in a Mine at Givenchy.
In the last days of the Battle of Festubert, on May
24th and 25th 1915, the 47th Division (2nd
London Territorial) succeeded in capturing some of the enemys
trenches. At Givenchy on
the latter day, Lieutenant Denys Max Thomson Morland, of the 3rd London Field Company Royal Engineers Territorial Force, accompanied a
London battalion in an assault on the German trenches. On finding his way into a mine, he explored it alone, and
made prisoners of eighteen Germans who were hiding in it. He displayed great energy and bravery throughout the night
and was rewarded with the M.C.
First World War antique black and white book plate published
c.1916-18 of glorious acts of heroism during the Great War. This plate
may also have text on the reverse side which does not affect the framed
side.
Order Code DTE227.
Title and text describing the event beneath image as shown. Paper
size 10.5" x 8.5" (27cm x 22cm)
Price £13 |
|

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Acting Lance-Corporal
Barker Assisting a Party Collected by him to Open out a Communication
Trench Under Heavy Shell and Machine Gun Fire.
In the assault on September 25th 1915, of the salient
of Sanctuary Wood, near Hooge, Acting Lance Corporal Barker, 1st Cheshire Field Company Royal Engineers
(T.F.) was separated from his
party. He however, at once
assisted and superintended a party of the Royal Scots Fusiliers to dig
himself in, and, afterwards on his own initiative, collected a party of
infantry. With them he
opened up under heavy shell and machine gun fire a communication trench
from the British line to the captured position.
He was the last man to leave the work when it became impossible
to continue. For his
conspicuous gallantry and initiative, Lance-Corporal Barker was awarded
the D.C.M.
First World War antique black and white book plate published c.1916-18 of glorious acts
of heroism during the Great War. This plate may also have text on the
reverse side which does not affect the framed side.
Order Code DTE247.
Title and text describing the event beneath image as shown. Paper
size 10.5" x 8.5" (27cm x 22cm)
Price £13 |
|

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Lieutenant Swain Lewis
Flying over the German Lines to Direct Artillery Fire.
The extremely dangerous and difficult nature of the
airman’s calling is vividly brought to mind by this picture.
If in flying over the enemy’s lines he is not attacked by
hostile airmen, his aeroplane is certain to become a mark for
anti-aircraft guns. The
observation made by Lieutenant Donald Swain Lewis, of the Royal
Engineers and Royal Flying Corps have been of the greatest value to the
gunners of the Royal Artillery. His directions, whilst flying, have frequently led to direct
hits on the enemy’s guns. For
most valuable services in difficult and trying conditions he has been
deservedly rewarded with the D.S.O.
First World War antique black and white book plate published c.1916-18 of glorious acts
of heroism during the Great War. This plate may also have text on the
reverse side which does not affect the framed side.
Order Code DTE217.
Title and text describing the event beneath image as shown. Paper
size 10.5" x 8.5" (27cm x 22cm)
Price £13 |
|
How
Lieutenant Cyril Gordon Martin, D.S.O., Held The Enemy Back For Two And
A Half Hours And Won The V.C.
At 7.30 on the morning of March
10th 1915, the battle of Neuve Chapelle began with perhaps
the most terrific artillery preparation in the history of modern
warfare, and by the evening of that day the village was ours, and on a
front of three miles we had advanced more than a mile.
But our ultimate objective-the driving of a great wedge into the
enemy’s line by the capture of the ridge south of Aubers-still
remained to be accomplished; and it was to this task, which was to
prove, unfortunately, beyond the capacity of our troops, that the two
following days were devoted. Simultaneously
a number of movements were undertaken all along the British front, with
the object of preventing any sudden massing of reinforcements, and it
was during one of these attacks that upon the German position at
spanbroek Molen-that a young officer of the 56th Field
Company Royal Engineers, Lieutenant Cyril Gordon Martin, performed the
gallant action that gained him the Victoria Cross.
Lieutenant Martin had already won the Distinguished Service
Order, by his gallantry in the first weeks of the war, during the
retreat from Mons, when, at the head of his platoon, he had captured a
German trench and held it until reinforcements arrived.
On this occasion he was twice wounded, and invalided home for
some months; indeed, he had only recently returned to the front.
Early in the action at Spanbroek Molen Lieutenant Martin was
again wounded; but he made light of his hurt, and volunteered to lead a
little party of six bombers against a section of the enemy’s trenches.
So effectively did they discharge their deadly missiles that the
Germans were quickly driven out in rout and confusion, when the
lieutenant and his men proceeded to transfer the parapet of the trench
and to strengthen their position with sandbags, in readiness for the
inevitable counter attack. This
was not long in coming, but, inspired by the splendid example of their
leader, the little band of heroes drove their assailants back, and
though the attack was again renewed in apparently overwhelming numbers,
they succeeded in holding the enemy at bay for two and a half hours,
when orders arrived for them to abandon the captured post and retire.
By their gallant defence they had rendered most valuable service,
by holding up German reinforcements, who were unable to advance until
this section of their trenches had been retaken. Extracted
from 'Deeds That thrill The Empire' |
|
How
Sapper Harry Epstein, of the Royal Engineers, Won The D.C.M. At Hill 60
Saturday
May 8th 1915, was an eventful day for our army in Flanders,
for early that morning the Germans began an attack in overwhelming force
upon the 28th Division, which resulted in the whole of the
British centre, after an heroic resistance and terrible losses, being
driven in, and our line forced back west of the vitally important
Frezenberg Ridge, which covered all the roads from Ypres by which our
supplies and reinforcements travelled.
It was likewise an eventful day for sapper Harry Epstein of the
royal Engineers; indeed, it may be doubted whether, during the present
war, any British soldier has undergone a more nerve shattering
experience, or escaped death, in various forms, in more miraculous a
fashion, than did Sapper Epstein in the course of some twenty minutes of
that May morning. It all happened
in a trench at the foot of Hill 60, at the southwest extremity of the
Ypres salient. Hill 60 is
only a Hill by courtesy, being no more than an earth heap from the
cutting of the Ypres-Lille railway.
But it was a very important place, since it afforded an artillery
position from which a considerable part of the German front could be
commanded. On the evening
of April 17th, it was captured by the British and gallantly
held against a series of the most desperate counter attacks, which were
accompanied by so terrific a bombardment that for four and a half days
the defenders lived through a veritable hell.
But what shell and rifle and machine gun fire had failed to
accomplish, poison gas did, and on May 5th the enemy
recaptured the greater part of the hill. And thus it was that a couple of days later Germans and
British found themselves occupying parts of the same trench, both having
erected barricades at their respective ends, to guard against any
unwelcome attentions on the part of their neighbours.
In the course of that afternoon, while
Epstein and some of his comrades of the 5th Company Royal
Engineers were resting previous to their night work, orders suddenly
came for a non-commissioned officer and six sappers to proceed to the
Brigade headquarters and make preparations for the blowing up of some
German barricades, and Epstein was selected as one of the party.
On arriving there they prepared two charges of gun cotton, one
weighing forty pounds and the other a trifle less, and placed the slabs
of the explosive in wooden boxes which Epstein constructed, with holes
bored through them to let in the primers and detonators.
One of these charges was to be laid against the German barricade,
the other against the British; the former was to be blown up first, and
the moment this had been done, the British barricade would also be blown
up, and our men, headed by a grenade party, would burst in upon the
astonished Huns, while another party of the British simultaneously
attacked from the other side of the trench, and so cut the enemy off. Their
preparations competed, they started off for the trench, carrying the
charges, electrical leads, detonators and all the rest of the
paraphernalia connected with a demolition party, and reached it in
safety, passing on their way through a lane of dead, who lay everywhere
along it and the railway cutting. The
corporal in charge of the Engineers and Epstein then proceeded to lay
the first charge against our own barrier, a task of no small danger,
since the Germans were throwing bombs all the time. It
was now about half past two in the morning, and the time fixed for the
attack was approaching. The
officer in command called for two volunteers to carry and lay the second
against the enemy’s barricade, and, if successful in this
undertaking-and it was a very big “if” indeed-to set the fuse.
Epstein was the first to volunteer, another sapper named Warrel
immediately following his example; and it was then arranged that, if
they failed, two more of the Engineers should make the attempt, and in
the event of a second failure, the remaining two; but that, if they were
successful, they should get back as quickly as possible past our own
barricade, which would then be immediately blown up.
In order that the reader may appreciate the perilous nature of
the duty required of these two brave men, we may here observe that they
had no means of knowing what dangers they might not have to encounter
between the two barricades, except that the enemy’s bombs were
continually falling there; nor did they known definitely how far it was
to the German barrier. They calculated, however, that it was about ten yards, and
had prepared the charge accordingly with two detonators, in each of
which was a safely fuse which would take roughly thirty seconds to bur
through. Within that time
they would of course have to get back behind their own barrier, or they
might be blown to bits.
Epstein having handed his watch and chain,
diary, and other belongings to one of his friends, with instructions to
whom they were to be sent in case he never returned to claim them, he
and his comrade started for the unknown, the last words of the officer
in command being “Goodbye and good luck to you!”
Epstein climbed over the British barricade and lowered himself
gently down; the other sapper followed, and side-by-side they began to
crawl along, carrying the charge between them.
Both knew that it was touch and go with them, but both were
perfectly cool and collected. Every
foot of the way had to be covered as noiselessly as possible, for the
Germans were certain to be on the alert, and they well knew that their
lives depended on their preventing any intimation of their approach
reaching the enemy’s ears. Gradually
they drew nearer the barrier, and were just congratulating themselves on
having reached it in safety, when, to their astonishment, they found
that it was not a barrier at all but merely a huge traverse!
The two men looked at each other, but neither spoke, for each
read the unshakable determination in the other’s eyes.
Then they began to crawl around the traverse, Epstein leading the
way, for these was room for only one to pass at a time.
Their situation was now more perilous than ever, for they knew
not who might be lurking, and they had nothing with which to defend
themselves. Slowly and
fearfully they rounded it, and perceived, some ten yards ahead, a second
traverse, but no sign of a barrier.
Undismayed, the brave fellows kept on and had just reached the
second traverse, when, with a tremendous explosion, two German bombs
dropped immediately behind them, smothering them with earth, but happily
doing them no harm.
By this time they had crawled twice the
distance they had counted upon, and still there was no barrier; but they
had passed their word “to do or die” and neither of them thought for
a moment of turning back. And
now, as Epstein peeped cautiously round the second traverse, he caught
sight of the barrier ten yards further on. But he saw something else too-something, which made his
heart, brave though he was, well nigh stand still.
For in the barrier were two loop holes, one some two and a half
feet above the ground, the other about as high again, to allow of a man
firing through them either kneeling or standing.
And from these loopholes the Germans had a view straight up to
the traverse, the trench itself being perfectly straight and only just
wide enough for Epstein to crawl along the bottom.
However, for the two Engineers to remain where they were would be
fatal, as the enemy bombs were falling still, and if one of them hit the
charge they would be blown to the skies.
And so, with a glance at each other, they crawled on and had got
about halfway to the barrier, when a great uproar told them that the
attack had begun. This they
calculated would be certain to divert the attention of the Germans
momentarily at least-from the loop-holes and resolved to make the most
of their chance, they crawled forward as fast as they could, laid the
charge against the barrier, and were just on the point of setting the
fuse, when there came a defining roar and they found themselves once
more smothered with earth. The
British had blown up their barricade!
What had happened was this: The
officer in command of our men mistaking, as they all had, the first
traverse, ten yards away, for the German barricade, and seeing the two
bombs fall in the trench, naturally gave Epstein and his companion up
for lost, and when the attack began he concluded that there was nothing
to be done but to blow up his own barrier and let the grenade party
through.
Had the German barricade really stood where
our men supposed it to be, there would have been no hope for the two
adventurous sappers, for the explosion of forty pounds of gun cotton
would kill every living thing within a radius of ten yards; but
someone’s prayers must have been answered that night, for, as events
turned out, they were not ten but thirty yards away, and only got
covered with earth. Recovering
from his astonishment, Epstein was once more on the point of setting the
fuse, when round the corner of the second traverse came the officer at
the head of the grenade party his eyes alight with the joy of battle and
shouting at the top of his voice for more grenades. Of course, the Germans at once hurried to the loopholes in
their barrier, and just as Epstein had managed to crawl back a couple of
feet, he saw, to his horror, the muzzle of a rifle poked through the
upper one. What he suffered
in the next few moments may be imagined.
He did not dare to rise, for if he had, he would have placed
himself on the same level as the rifle, but out the corner of his eye,
he saw the barrel being gradually depressed until it was pointed
straight at his head. A
kind of stupor appeared to come over him, and he lay there with closed
eyes almost waiting for the bullet, it seemed impossible that the German
could miss. And then Bang! And he was nearly blinded with earth; the bullet had passed
an inch in front of his head and buried itself in the ground.
At once Epstein seemed to be galvanized into action, for without
giving the German time to take aim again he sprang to his feet, and in
two bounds had reached the traverse, just as several bullets flattened
themselves against the sandbags. Scarcely
had he reached it, however, that he felt on the point of collapsing, and
it was only with difficulty that he succeeded in making his way back to
his comrades, amid the din of a furious conflict, artillery, machine
guns, rifles, bombs, grenades, the shouting of the officer and the cries
of the wounded-all blending together in one huge volume of sound.
Sapper, now Lance Corporal, Epstein, who thus came safely through
one of the most terrible ordeals which can ever have confronted a
British soldier, and was subsequently awarded a richly deserved
Distinguished Conduct Medal, is twenty-three years of age and a
Lancashire man, his home being at 56, Cheetham Street, Cheetham,
Manchester. Extracted
from 'Deeds That thrill The Empire'
How
Acting Corporal John Henry Drew Williams, Of The Royal Engineers,Won The
D.C.M. Near Wytschaete
From
the first battle of Ypres to that of Neuve Chappelle, the history of the
War on the Western Front is a chronicle of small events-a trench of two
won here, a farm house there, a wood in a third place.
Yet these local actions exercised, from the British point of
view, a very real influence on the campaign.
Moreover, they were frequently characterized by fierce and
obstinate fighting, and furnished not a few opportunities for individual
distinction. The British
attack on the Petit Bois, a wood a little to the east of Wytschaete, on
the night of December 12th 1914, on which occasion an
intrepid Royal Engineer Acting-Corporal John Henry Drew Williams, won
the Distinguished Conduct Medal, is a case in point.
The fact that the Germans had been persistently annoying us from
this wood made its capture imperative.
The ground about here rose gradually from west to east, where the
village of Wytschaete stands, and the enemy commanded our position from
the ridge which runs north and south from the top of the wood on the
right and slightly southwest from here to Messines.
The Lincolns, who were holding the trenches opposite the wood,
were ordered to carry out the attack, supported by the Liverpool
Scottish, a Territorial Battalion, and William’s company of the royal
Engineers were to be in readiness to transfer the parapets of any
trenches captured and run up wire entanglements.
About seven o’clock in the evening,
William’s section officer called for four volunteers to go out and cut
the enemy’s barbed wire. Williams and three sappers at once volunteered, and were told
to report themselves to the colonel of the Lincolns at the Advanced
Headquarters. Here Williams
received his instructions, and twelve men and a sergeant were detailed
to assist him. He gave each
of them a pair of wire cutters, and they made their way to our first
line trenches, where they left their equipment behind the parapet, so as
not to impede their movements. Williams
then divided his party into two sappers, the sergeant and six of the
Lincolns being sent to the left, while he himself, with the remaining
sapper and the other six Lincolns, went to the right, that being the
longest way, namely, about 120 yards as against sixty.
They did not make a very auspicious start, as they were
“spotted” getting over the parapet, and a machine gun and several
snipers opened fire upon them. However,
none of them was hit, though William’s had his mouth and eyes filled
with dirt thrown up by the rain of bullets, and they crawled on, making
for the left hand corner of the wood.
They passed a machine gun, which was in a hedge about sixty yards
out, and also a sniper in a trench, which ran along the inside of a
hedge, reached the enemy’s barbed wire, which was of the knife rest
pattern, and cut the entanglements apart, placing them round the front
of some old shell holes. Then
leaving the only two men who had kept up with him to look for anything
they could find in the corner against the wood, Williams went off alone
to the right, making here and there gaps in the wire, and found a sap
head about four yards along running out from the wood, and a sniper in
it potting away at our lines. He
crawled past him without attracting his attention, and about twenty
yards further on came upon another sap.
While investigating it, the base of a three-inch shell was
suddenly thrown at him, which he picked up and put in his pocket, and on
looking in the direction from which it had apparently come, he received
a clod of earth in the face. He
pushed himself backwards with his hands for about a dozen yards, still
watching the sap and wondering why the Germans did not shoot; but after
lying still for a while, he concluded that they must have taken him for
an animal of some kind and started off again towards the right.
This time he had better luck and found a trench running out at
right angles from the wood. Crawling
along it, he came into the enemy’s main front trench, which was in a
terrible state, being half full of water.
On his right en were baling out the water and using very bad
language, and he remarked that many of the swear words they employed
were English. Crawling out
of the trench, he made his way into the wood, where he cut several
telephone wires which he ran into, and found that, though the enemy had
dug outs and communication trenches in the wood, there were no
entanglements. Fearing that
he might lose his way if he went any further, he returned to the spot
where he had left his two men, and they went back to our lines and made
their report to Captain Tachell, of the Lincolns, who complimented
Williams very warmly.
They party which had been sent out to the left had returned some
time before, but their report was not very clear, so the officer asked
Williams if he would take his own men out and investigate for himself.
On their way they came across a dead pig, which had got itself
entangled in our wire about twenty yards out, and, farther on, the
bodies of several dead Frenchmen, which had lain there since the
fighting in the early part of September.
Reaching the hedge, which was about sixty yards from our lines,
Williams found that the enemy had made a trench on the inside and had a
covered machine gun emplacement in the right hand corner (it was this
machine gun which did so much damage when the attack began), but no
other obstacle in our way. He
again made his report, and then went out and cut gaps in our own wire,
so as to enable our men to deploy from several different places.
Meantime, orders had been given to the
Lincolns to get out of their trenches and lie down in front of the wire.
But the noise they made in doing so attracted the attention of
the enemy, and this started a premature attack, in which Williams found
himself mixed up, with only a pair of wire clippers in his hand.
The attack on the right was successfully pressed home, but the
left fared badly, being held up by the machine gun in the hedge, which
caused a great number of casualties.
A sergeant at William’s side fell, hit in the ribs, and the
engineer carried him to a shell hole just in front of our barbed wire,
to which place of refuge he presently returned with a private, who had
been wounded in the ankle, and left him there to keep the sergeant
company, promising to send a stretcher party for them.
Then having made his way to the right and informed the officer
commanding there that the left was unable to advance any further, he
went back to our lines, got a stretcher party and led them to the spot
where he had left the two wounded men.
They were conveyed to a cottage about 250 yards behind our lines,
which was being used as a temporary hospital.
There were several staff officers there, who all shook hands with
Williams and complimented him on the courage and ability he had shown
that night, and his name and number were taken and sent to General
Headquarters. Williams, who went
out with the Expeditionary Force in August and had been in the thick of
the fighting ever since, was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal,
promoted sergeant, and placed in charge of several bridges on the Yser
Canal, which were frequently shelled by the enemy and in need of repair.
The three sappers who accompanied him on that eventful night were
awarded the Russian Cross of St. George (Third Class).
Williams, who is thirty-four years of age, is a Kentish man, his
home being at Tonbridge. Extracted
from 'Deeds That thrill The Empire'
How
Captain William Henry Johnstone, Of The Royal Engineers, Won The
V.C. At Missy
The crossing of
the Aisne began on September 13th 1914, along a section of
the river, which lay between Soissons on the west and Villers on the
east. Along this part of
the river there are eleven road bridges, but the Germans had destroyed
those at Venizel, Missy and Vailly.
The Aisne valley, which runs east and west, is flat bottomed, and
varies from a mile to two miles wide.
The river is about one and seventy feet wide, but, being deep in
the middle, it is impossible to ford it.
The slopes, which rise up to a height of four hundred feet on
either side of the valley, are covered with patches of wood and are
broken up by numerous spurs. The position held by the enemy was a very strong one, being a
plateau on the heights to the north of the river, and from it all the
bridges could be brought under either the direct fire of field guns or
else the high angle fire of heavy howitzers.
The order having been given to advance and cross the Aisne, the 1st
Corps and the cavalry advanced on the river.
The 1st Division was directed to take its stand about
Chanouille, and pushed forward by way of the canal bridge at Bourg,
while the 2nd Division, destined for Courtecon and Presles,
advanced by way of Pont Arey, and for the canal to the north of Braye,
by way of Chavonne. The
cavalry and 1st Division met with but slight opposition on
the right, and by means of the canal, which crosses the river by an
aqueduct, found a passage. The Division was thus able to push on, with the Cavalry
Division on its outer flank, and drive the enemy before it.
The leading troops of the 2nd
Division reached the river on the left by nine o’clock.
By means of a broken girder of the bridge, which was not
completely submerged in the river, the 5th Infantry Brigade
crossed under fire from the enemy’s guns on the heights.
The crossing having been accomplished, a pontoon bridge was at
once begun, and was completed by five o’clock in the afternoon.
Out of the extreme left the 4th Guards Brigade met
with most determined opposition at Chavonne, and it was not till late in
the afternoon that a foothold was gained on the northern bank of the
river by ferrying a battalion across in boats.
At night almost the entire Division bivouacked on the southern
bank of the river, and only the 5th Brigade was left on the
north bank for the purpose of establishing a bridgehead.
Almost all the bridges which lay in the path of the advance of
the 2nd Corps were found to have been destroyed, except that
at Conde, which the enemy held in their possession until the end of the
battle. The 5th Division eventually crossed the river at
Missy. From the river,
however, the ground stretches back flat and exposed for three quarters
of a mile, and the 13th Brigade was unable to advance, as the
enemy opened a heavy fire from the opposite bank.
The 14th brigade, however, was directed to the east of
Venizel, and was rafted across at a less exposed point.
The 15th Brigade followed, and, later, both the 14th
and 15th Brigades assisted the 4th Division on
their left to repel a heavy counter attack delivered against the 3rd
Corps. On the morning of
the 13th the enemy was found to be in possession of the
Vregny plateau. The
Engineers then undertook the repair of the road bridge at Venizel, and
the work was completed during the morning.
The bridge, however, had been damaged to such an extent that it
was left to the men to drag the gun across.
In the meantime a pontoon bridge was begun to close to the road
bridge, and this was completed at 5.30 p.m.
The 12th Infantry Brigade had crossed at Venizel, and
by one o’clock in the afternoon was assembled at Bucy Le Long.
At 2 p.m. they began an attack in the direction of Chivres and
Vregny, in the hope of gaining the high ground east of Chivres, and thus
continuing the advance further northwards.
Good progress was made until 5.30 p.m., but the enemy’s
artillery and machine gun fire then became so heavy that further
progress could not be made.
While the 10th Infantry Brigade
crossed the river and moved to Bucy Le Long, the 19th Brigade
moved to Billy-sur-Aisne. Before
dark all the artillery of the Division had been got across the river,
except for the heavy battery and one brigade of Field Artillery.
During the night the 5th Division took over the
positions, to the east of the stream running though Chivres, which had
been gained by the 12th Infantry Brigade.
With the fall of evening the enemy had retired at every point,
and entrenched on the high ground about two miles to the north of the
river. But detachments of
infantry were strongly entrenched in commanding places all down the
slopes of the various spurs with powerful artillery to support them.
All through the night of the 13th
and on the 14th and following days the Field Companies were
incessantly at work. Eight
pontoon bridges and one-foot bridge were thrown over the river under
very heavy artillery fire, and this was kept up continuously on to most
of the crossings when completed. The
three road bridges at Venizel, missy and Vailly, and a railway bridge
east of Vailly, were repaired for foot traffic.
The work done by the Royal Engineers was highly satisfactory, in
repairs and reconstruction and in other ways.
All through the 14th, until 7 p.m., Captain William
Henry Johnstone worked with his own hands two rafts.
He returned with the wounded from one side, to take back later
supplies of ammunition. By
this work, which was carried out under heavy fire, an advanced Brigade
was enabled to maintain its position across the river.
For his most gallant work Captain Johnstone was awarded the V.C.
Extracted
from 'Deeds That thrill The Empire'
WILBRAHAM
OATES LENNOX (Lieutenant, afterwards Lieut.
–General, K.C.B.) Royal Engineers
On November 20th 1854, during the siege of Sebastopol,
it became necessary to establish a lodgement in some dangerous rifle
pits, overhanging the Woronzoff Road.
Lieutenant Lennox was conspicuous, among many others, by his
“cool and gallant conduct” in repelling the numerous and persistent
assaults of the enemy. This
brilliant operation drew forth the compliment of a special order from
Marechal Canrobert, of the French Army, at whose request the Rifle
Brigade was selected to make the capture.
Sir Wilbraham Lennox, son of the late
Colonel Lord J. G. Lennox, was born in 1830, and served through the
Indian Mutiny; with the German Army in the Franco-Prussian War, 1870;
and with the Turkish Army during the Russo-Turkish War 1877.
Brigadier-General in Egypt 1884-7, and in command of the Forces
at Ceylon 1887-8, Director-General of Military Education 1893-4.
WILLIAM
JAMES LENDRIM (Corporal, afterwards
Quartermaster-Sergeant) Royal Engineers
He was practically prominent in setting a
fine example of courage to a party of one hundred and fifty French
Chasseurs, whom he was superintending, on February 14th 1855,
during the building of No. 9 Battery, Left Attack and replacing all the
capsized gabions under heavy fire.
(Awarded French War Medal.)
On April 20th he was one of the four volunteers to
destroy the farthest Russian rifle pit.
He died in October 1892 at Camberley, where
he had long held the post of Quartermaster-Sergeant to the Staff
College.
HENRY
McDONALD (Colour-Sergeant, afterwards
Captain) Royal Engineers
Decorated for conspicuous bravery on April 19th 1855,
when engaged in effecting a lodgement in the enemy’s rifle pits, in
front of the left advance of the right attack on Sebastopol.
Later on in the day, the Engineer officers being wounded and the
command developing on him, he persisted on the Sap, in spite of the
repeated attacks of the enemy. He
died in Glasgow on February 15th 1893, aged 70
HOWARD
CRAUFURD ELPHINSTONE (Lieutenant, afterwards
Major General, K.C.B.) Royal Engineers
Knight of the Legion of Honour
During the night of June 18th 1855, after an
unsuccessful attack on the Redan, this brave officer collected together
a party of volunteers of all corps and proceeded to bring back from
under the enemy’s guns on the ramparts the scaling-ladders left behind
during the assault, thereby saving them from falling into the hands of
the Russians. No sooner had
he finished his task than he again set forth, leading the same gallant
men, to search for the wounded who were lying close up to the Redan, and
whose cries for water could be heard in the distance from time to time.
In this he was most successful, carrying in no less than twenty
men himself. It is said to
relate that Sir Howard Elphinstone was, on March 8th 1890,
washed overboard and drowned when on a voyage to Madeira on R.M.S.
Tongariro. Son
of Captain Alexander Elphinstone, R.N., he was born at Riga, Northern
Russia, on December 12th 1829.
Educated abroad and at Woolwich, passing into the Royal Engineers
in December 1847; became Captain 1856; Colonel 1864; Major General 1887;
A.D.C. to H.M. Queen Victoria 1877-87.
Commanded the Devonport district from 1889 until his death.
GERALD
GRAHAM (Lieutenant, afterwards Lieut.
–General, G.C.B., G.C.M.G.) Royal
Engineers Knight of the Legion of Honour
Sir Gerald’s first recorded conspicuous act of bravery happened
on June18th 1855. The Redan-in
compliment to our brave allies, and in order to obliterate the memories
of another June 18th, just forty years before-was to be
attacked, with what result is well known.
Lieutenant Graham-he was then only twenty-four- led a ladder
party right up to the cannon’s mouth.
Our columns were repulsed, and obliged tom retire, and it was
then that Lieutenant Graham sallied forth, and with great dash rescued
from death and misery many wounded officers and men.
Sir Gerald Graham’s later campaigns have been those of China
1860; (Medjidie) Egypt 1882; Eastern Soudan 1884; and Suakin 1885.
Retired 1890. Son of R.H.
Graham, M.D., of Eden Brows, in Cumberland, he was born on June 27th
1831,and died in his seventy-ninth year at Bideford, Devon, on December
17th 1899.
PETER
LEITCH (Colour Sergeant) Royal
Engineers
JOHN
PERIE (Sapper) Royal
Engineers
Decorated for bravery in leading the sailors with the ladders at
the storming of the Redan on June 8th 1855, the Gazette
stating that his services on that occasion were “invaluable.”
He afterwards rescued a soldier who had been shot and was lying
in the open, although having he been wounded by a bullet in the side
just previously.
JOHN
ROSS (Corporal, afterwards Sergeant)
Royal Engineers On
August 23rd, when in charge of the advance from the 5th
Parallel Right Attack on the Redan, he placed and filled twenty-five
gabions under a most severe fire from the Russians.
On the night of September 8th he
crept alone right up to the Redan and found the enemy had evacuated it,
upon which he reported to his officer and out troops took possession of
it. |
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Lieutenant Withington
Bringing a Field Gun into Action in the British Trenches Against the
Enemys Sap.
During the operations south of Pilkem, between the 6th
& 8th July 1915, Lieutenant Robert Leigh Withington, of
the 9th Field Company Royal Engineers, assisted in conveying
an 18-pounder gun across the Yser Canal, and in getting it into position
in a gun pit prepared by him in the fire trenches.
The enemy’s sap was then blown in from a distance of less than
sixty yards, and under heavy fire at close range Lieutenant Withington
superintended the joining up of the British sap with that of the enemy.
His conspicuous gallantry and ability were rewarded with the M.C.
First World War antique black and white book plate published c.1916-18 of glorious acts
of heroism during the Great War. This plate may also have text on the
reverse side which does not affect the framed side.
Order Code DTE225.
Title and text describing the event beneath image as shown. Paper
size 10.5" x 8.5" (27cm x 22cm)
Price £13 |
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